New construction: property (page 17)

Apartment for sale (New construction project)

2500 Lier

Climate neutral and almost energy neutral living in brand new residence near the city of Lier! Residence O3 SHIFT consists of 71 new construction apartments, spread over 3 buildings, with a focus on sustainability. The three different buildings A-B-C consist of 1,2 or 3 bedrooms, all equipped with an open kitchen, bathroom and private terrace or garden. All apartments will be fully finished and painted with high-quality materials. The project offers future residents climate-neutral and nearly zero energy apartments with maximum natural light and a smartly controlled heating and cooling system. The energy-efficient system consists of a geothermal-based heat pump that provides control of underfloor heating, passive cooling. The domestic water is kept warm by the SED system (SEDS - Sustainable Comfort | Energy Neutral Heat System) that is also linked to PV panels. Furthermore, the south-facing apartments are equipped with screens. All this ensures that the apartments enjoy an E-level < 10. Fiscally, this means that you will not have to pay any property tax for the first 5 years. Contact us for more information or a no-obligation appointment on ### or ### The sale is subject to VAT on the full amount (21%) - parking and storage are obligatory with purchase.

Penthouse for sale (New construction project)

2500 Koningshooikt

Info moment: 10/06/2026 from 1 p.m. to 2 p.m. on site Exclusive penthouse of 158.80 sqm with breathtaking terrace for a total of 114 sqm in Koningshooikt, high quality finish, energy efficient and air conditioned. Enjoy panoramic views, abundant natural light and an unparalleled feeling of freedom - every day. The spacious terrace is the ideal place for sun lovers, cozy outdoor dinners with friends and family. A large storage room attached to the terrace provides space for storing terrace furniture. Through the elevator, you have direct access to the penthouse. Inside a bright and modern interior with high quality finishes awaits you, an open living space with open and fully equipped kitchen, two bedrooms, bathroom, sauna and storage room. Everything is designed with attention to detail, comfort and style. This penthouse, can enjoy underfloor heating, solar panels, ventilation D, air conditioning and a sauna, with an e-level 29 Underground, pitches are still available (to be purchased separately) and you can use the communal bicycle storage. The sale is subject to registration fees on the land share and VAT (21%) on the construction.

Penthouse for sale (New construction project)

2500 Lier

New construction Duplex with spacious terrace in Center Lier! On a top location in the center of Lier, in the Antwerpsestraat, you will find this small-scale new construction project with only three apartments. Located a stone's throw from the Grote Markt, you will enjoy excellent accessibility here and all amenities within easy reach. We enter this apartment through the common entrance and reach the third floor by stairs. At the front we find the beautiful and bright living space with the open kitchen at the back. The kitchen is fully installed and has the necessary appliances. Through the kitchen we enter the beautiful terrace with a view over the rooftops on center Lier. Next to the kitchen is a storage room with washing machine and dryer connections. Upstairs on the top floor we find the spacious bedroom with ensuite bathroom. The bathroom is equipped with walk-in shower, washbasin with cabinet and towel dryer. Finally, we find a separate toilet. The apartment has all the latest technology and insulation. Built with high quality materials and perfect finishing. The apartment uses floor heating, ventilation system type C+, aluminum windows. New construction project - 21% VAT rate possible Last of the 3 for sale

Investment property for sale (New construction project)

2500 Lier

This investment property for sale in Lier, located on Kazernedreef, offers a unique opportunity to acquire a modern residential complex comprising 21 high-quality apartments distributed across two buildings named C and D. These buildings include commercial spaces on the ground floor, enhancing the mixed-use character of the site. The property benefits from an underground connection between the two blocks, providing access to underground parking spaces and private storage units. Constructed recently in 2022, this new development is immediately available and has been designed with practical features such as a north-facing façade, four exterior walls, and outdoor amenities including a garden and terrace. The property is equipped with essential utilities like electricity and water connections and holds a valid electrical installation certificate. Currently, the premises are utilized as a childcare facility under a lease agreement that must be honored upon sale, making this an ideal asset for investors seeking rental income with established occupancy. Included in the commercial space are two parking spots and four spacious storage rooms, adding significant value and convenience. The building does not have a lift, but its condition is new, reflecting the latest construction standards. It is situated in a residential urban or rural area without any preemption rights or flood risk. The sale price for this investment opportunity is set at €1,395,000, inclusive of VAT applicable to the construction portion and registration fees on the land part, following the Wet Breyne regulations. Situated in the city of Lier within postal code 2500, this property presents an attractive proposition for those interested in a well-located multi-unit investment in Flanders. Its immediate availability combined with existing rental contracts provides financial security and potential for long-term returns. Interested parties are encouraged to contact the seller directly for more information or to arrange a viewing. This property can be reached through the provided contact details for further inquiries, ensuring transparency and professional service throughout the acquisition process.

Residence for sale (New construction project)

2520 Emblem

This exceptional new residence for sale in Emblem offers contemporary living with a spacious layout and modern eco-friendly features at an attractive price of 459,000 €. Completed in 2023 and immediately available, this property combines comfort and sustainability within a well-designed home. The house boasts a generous living area of 179 m², including a 43 m² living space that creates an inviting atmosphere. With three bedrooms, one bathroom, and two toilets, the layout is designed to meet the needs of families or individuals seeking functional yet stylish accommodation. The south-east-facing facade ensures pleasant natural light throughout the day, while the presence of a terrace measuring 15 m² and a large garden of 334 m² extends the living space outdoors, perfect for relaxation and entertaining. The residence incorporates high-quality sustainable technologies focused on energy efficiency, reflected in a maximum E-level of 20. This is achieved through the installation of an air-to-water heat pump combined with underfloor heating, a type D ventilation system, solar panels, and rainwater recovery. Such features not only reduce energy consumption but also allow for a 100% exemption from property tax over five years, presenting a significant fiscal advantage for the buyer. The property includes practical elements such as a carport and garden storage, both included in the price, enhancing convenience and storage options. The home sits on a sizeable plot of 502 m² with a depth of 42 meters, providing ample outdoor space in a tranquil, green setting. Situated at Oostmalsesteenweg 54 in the peaceful town of Emblem, this residence benefits from a strategic location with easy access to major roadways like the E34 and E313, facilitating swift connections to surrounding municipalities. The property is not located in a flood risk area and holds all necessary certificates, including compliance with electrical installation standards. As a new build in a residential zone with no pre-emption rights, this home presents an excellent opportunity for buyers looking for turnkey quality and sustainable living in Flanders. Interested parties are encouraged to contact the seller promptly for further information or to arrange a viewing of this attractive property.

Commercial building for sale (New construction project)

2500 Lier

This commercial building for sale at Sterrenstraat 54-56 in Lier offers an excellent opportunity to acquire a newly constructed space designed to meet modern business needs. Built in 2023, this property is part of Residentie Kwarts, which comprises 33 apartments and 2 office units spread across multiple blocks. The available commercial unit, labeled A0.1, is ideally suited for offices or liberal professions, providing a versatile layout delivered in a shell condition. This allows the buyer to customize the interior finishing according to their specific requirements, with the option for the seller to arrange completion if desired. The property boasts practical features such as a south-facing façade that ensures optimal natural light throughout the day. A lift service is included in the building, enhancing accessibility across floors. The commercial space also includes a 13 m² terrace, offering outdoor area for breaks or meetings. Essential utilities like electricity and water connections are already installed, while the electrical installation holds a valid certificate confirming compliance with safety standards. The building is not located within any flood risk zone, which adds to its security and peace of mind for prospective owners. Offered at a price of €201,300 inclusive of VAT, this unit represents a compelling investment in the thriving city of Lier. The sale is subject to registration duties of 12% on the land portion and 21% VAT on the construction portion. Currently unoccupied, availability is flexible and can be arranged to suit the buyer’s timeline. For more detailed information including technical specifications and plans, or to schedule a viewing appointment, interested parties are encouraged to contact the agent directly at ### or via ### . Don’t miss the chance to secure this well-situated commercial property in Lier.

Apartment for sale (New construction project)

2280 Grobbendonk

This ground-floor assisted living apartment in Grobbendonk offers a well-finished and practical living space set within a green environment. Built in 2013, the property features a bright living room with an open kitchen fully equipped with necessary appliances. The apartment comprises one spacious bedroom and a functional bathroom fitted with a toilet, walk-in shower, and washbasin. Covering a total of 54 m², this residence is designed for comfortable independent living, complemented by care support and tailored hotel services available on-site. Situated on a two-hectare site within the Waterrijk residential care campus, the apartment benefits from ample parking and extensive green areas. Each floor includes a large, well-lit common room perfect for socializing with fellow residents. Additional shared facilities include a laundry room and access to the nearby care centre’s communal spaces such as a reading lounge and cozy brasserie, all furnished with quality, stylish furniture that creates a warm and homely atmosphere. Safety and wellbeing are ensured with 24-hour nursing presence from the dedicated in-house care team, reachable via an emergency call system. An underground parking space is also included with this property. Located at Herentalsesteenweg 59 008 in the residential area of Grobbendonk (postal code 2280), this apartment is priced at €189,000, VAT applicable. The property is equipped with gas heating and holds an EPC rating of 149 kWh/m²/year, valid until 1 October 2025. The electrical installation is certified according to regulations, and the building is not situated in a flood risk zone. This opportunity combines modern comfort with supportive services in a tranquil setting. For more information or to arrange a viewing, please do not hesitate to contact us.

Apartment for sale (New construction project)

2280 Grobbendonk

This spacious apartment for sale is located in Grobbendonk at Herentalsesteenweg 59, unit 206, offering a well-maintained living space built in 2013. Priced at €219,000 and subject to VAT, this newly available property features a total living area of 55 m². The apartment comprises one bedroom, one bathroom, and a separate toilet, making it ideal for singles or couples seeking a comfortable residence. The interior is currently unfurnished, providing a blank canvas for personalization. The electrical installation complies with current safety standards, certified accordingly. Positioned within a residential urban area with no preemptive rights affecting the property, this apartment benefits from essential utilities including gas and water connections. There is no lift present in the building. Importantly, the property is not located in a flood-prone zone or designated flood area, ensuring added peace of mind. The apartment is available for immediate transfer upon deed signing and is not currently rented, allowing for swift occupancy or investment. Grobbendonk offers a tranquil setting for residents seeking a balance between accessibility and residential comfort. For those interested in acquiring this apartment or seeking further details, professional assistance is readily available. Do not hesitate to contact us to arrange a viewing or obtain additional information about this attractive property opportunity.

Ground floor for sale (New construction project)

2170 Merksem

Location: This beautiful apartment is centrally located near the Bredabaan and the Groenendaallaan. Within walking distance of several schools, stores, restaurants and public transport. Easy access to surrounding communities. Description: On the Constant de Jongstraat in Merksem we find this bright apartment for sale on the ground floor. We enter the apartment through the entrance hall equipped with a guest toilet. At the back is the living and dining area and separate kitchen. The kitchen is equipped with connections but still needs to be installed. Both areas give access to the very large garden with landscaped terrace. At the front there is the bedroom. Bathroom with large walk-in shower and washbasin. Finally, a private garage, private cellar storage room and communal bike shed. In short: Beautiful new apartment in ideal location! Details: - Newly built apartment - Central location! - Very favorable EPC - EK compliant - Asbestos free - Private garage with electric gate - Sale under registration fees - Private basement storage - one-off cost of €650 incl. VAT for the basic deed - Shared bicycle storage Surface area 78m² cfr. plan Dimensions are indicative P-score A G-score A

Apartment for sale (New construction project)

2150 Borsbeek

Location: This new service apartment is centrally and conveniently located in a beautiful new complex in Borsbeek. Near several schools, stores and public transportation. Easy access to surrounding communities. Description: On the Schanslaan in Borsbeek we find this luxurious and comfortable service apartment for sale on the second floor. The entrance hall leads to the living and dining area with open kitchen. Through the living space you get access to the sunny terrace. The kitchen is fully equipped (dishwasher, sink, induction hob, combi-oven and built-in fridge). In the entrance hall there is also a closet with connections for washing and drying. A separate bedroom with fitted wardrobe. Finally, the beautiful and practical bathroom with walk-in shower, sink and toilet. Be surprised by the beautiful lobby with fireplace. This is the central meeting point for all residents, where you will also find the residential assistant. In good weather you can enjoy the beautifully landscaped garden with terrace. Details + Underfloor heating, ventilation and videophone + Individual utilities + Favourable EPC (low energy cost) + Sunny terrace + Wheelchair accessible Urban planning information: on request

Apartment for sale (New construction project)

2150 Borsbeek

Open House Day on Saturday, March 14, from 9:30 a.m. - 10:30 a.m Service flat with 1 bedroom and terrace in a beautiful new complex! Location: This new service flat is centrally and conveniently located in a beautiful new complex in Borsbeek. Close to several schools, stores and public transport. Easy access to surrounding communities. Description: On the Schanslaan in Borsbeek we find this luxurious and comfortable service apartment for sale on the second floor. We enter the apartment through the bright living and dining area with open kitchen. Through the living space you get access to the sunny terrace. The kitchen is fully equipped (dishwasher, sink, induction hob, combi-oven and built-in fridge). A separate storage room with connection for washing and drying. Through a sliding door you reach the master bedroom. Finally, the beautiful and practical bathroom with walk-in shower, double sink and toilet. Be surprised by the beautiful lobby with fireplace. This is the central meeting point for all residents. In good weather you can enjoy the beautifully landscaped garden with terrace. There is also a car parking space mandatory to purchase at €20,000 Details: - Underfloor heating - Ventilation - Videophone - Individual utilities - Safety, comfort and luxury - Sunny terrace - Low common costs - Wheelchair accessible - Sale under marketing rights

Parking for sale (New construction project)

2160 Wommelgem

Secure your vehicle with this excellent parking space for sale in Wommelgem, priced at €16,900. Located at Autolei 43, this property offers a practical and conveniently accessible parking solution within a residential urban area. The parking spot benefits from good paving which allows effortless maneuvering in and out of the space. Enhanced safety is ensured by reliable lighting, making evening parking both easy and secure. This property is presented as new and is immediately available upon transfer of ownership, with no current tenant occupying the space. It includes essential utility connections such as electricity and water. The parking lot is part of a larger complex where a total of four parking spaces are offered for sale. Its situation outside any flood risk zones adds further peace of mind for prospective buyers. Wommelgem is a well-positioned municipality offering direct access to nearby amenities and key traffic arteries, making this parking spot an advantageous investment or personal convenience. With VAT applicable, this opportunity to own a dedicated car parking space in a sought-after location should not be missed. For more information and to arrange a viewing, please contact us today.

Apartment for sale (New construction project)

2530 Boechout

Beautiful new-construction apartment (90 m²) with three bedrooms, a sunny terrace, a parking space, and a basement in a central location in Boechout! Location: Situated in a central and convenient location in Boechout, with easy access to shops, schools, public transportation, and the surrounding municipalities. Layout: Entry hall, spacious living area with an open and fully equipped kitchen, sunny terrace, three bedrooms, bathroom with a bathtub and rain shower, separate toilet, storage room, and parking space . Description: Welcome to this beautifully finished new-construction apartment on the second floor, where modern living comfort and high-quality finishes take center stage. The spacious living area, featuring hardwood floors, enjoys plenty of natural light and opens onto the sunny terrace. Adjacent to it is the open, fully equipped kitchen with a cooking island and high-quality appliances. The apartment also features three full-sized bedrooms and a comfortable bathroom with a bathtub and rain/power shower. In terms of energy efficiency, this apartment is fully up to date thanks to underfloor heating with both cooling and heating functions. The elevator, private basement, and parking space round out the living experience. In short: A newly built apartment with high-quality finishes, featuring three bedrooms, a sunny terrace, a parking space, and a basement—ideally located in Boechout!

Residence for sale (New construction project)

2547 Lint

Stunning new-construction home (180 m²) on a 300 m² lot with 3 bedrooms, 2 garages, and high-quality finishes in a prime location in Lint Description: This modern newly built home, with a living area of 180 m² situated on a 300 m² lot, offers plenty of space and comfort for the whole family. The home features a spacious and bright living area, three full-sized bedrooms, a stylish bathroom, and a practical layout designed with living comfort in mind. The home is already largely finished with high-quality materials and meets current energy standards. For example, it is equipped with triple-pane windows, 12 cm of PUR floor insulation, 14 cm of roof insulation, a heat pump, underfloor heating, a ventilation system, a fully equipped bathroom with both a bathtub and a walk-in shower, two toilets, and ceramic tile flooring. The driveway and patio have also already been completed. A particular highlight is the two garages, one of which can be purchased as an option. A budget of 47,500 has been allocated for the remaining finishing work. This includes, among other things, a kitchen budget of 22,500, which allows you to design your dream kitchen entirely to your own taste at Reddy Keukens Wilrijk (Boomsesteenweg). The finishing work also includes: ·Beech interior staircase. ·Interior doors. ·Baseboards. ·Garage flooring. ·Landscaping. In short: An energy-efficient, high-quality new-construction home with numerous possibilities, state-of-the-art technology, and the freedom to choose the final finishes to suit your own taste.

Apartment for rent (New construction project)

2930 Brasschaat

Beautiful new-construction 1-bedroom apartment in the heart of Brasschaat Location: The apartment is located on Bredabaan in Brasschaat. All amenities are within walking distance, including shops, restaurants, and public transportation. Layout: Entrance hall, living room, kitchen, storage room, bathroom, bedroom, half-bath with sink, terrace, parking space. Description: Entering through the front door, you step into the entryway. From here, you have access to the spacious and bright living area with an open, fully equipped kitchen. The kitchen is equipped with a dishwasher, oven, induction cooktop, refrigerator with freezer compartment, range hood, and sink. Adjacent to the kitchen is a practical storage room/utility room. Both the living room and the kitchen open onto the pleasant terrace, where you can enjoy a beautiful view of Bredabaan and Borrekenslei. On the other side of the apartment are the bedroom and the bathroom. The bathroom features a double sink and a spacious walk-in shower. There is also a separate guest toilet with a hand sink. Finally, the apartment comes with a parking space and a shared bicycle storage area. Details: - Available immediately - Common area fees: €100 per month - Private parking space & shared bicycle storage P-score: A / G-score: A

Apartment for rent (New construction project)

2930 Brasschaat

Beautiful new-construction 1-bedroom apartment in the heart of Brasschaat Location: The apartment is located on Bredabaan in Brasschaat. All amenities are within walking distance, including shops, restaurants, and public transportation. Layout: Entrance hall, living room, kitchen, storage room, bathroom, bedroom, half-bath with sink, terrace, parking space. Description: Entering through the front door, you step into the entryway. From here, you have access to the spacious and bright living area with an open, fully equipped kitchen. The kitchen is equipped with a dishwasher, oven, induction cooktop, refrigerator with freezer compartment, range hood, and sink. Adjacent to the kitchen is a practical storage room/utility room. Both the living room and the kitchen open onto the pleasant terrace, where you can enjoy a beautiful view of Bredabaan and Borrekenslei. On the other side of the apartment are the bedroom and the bathroom. The bathroom features a double sink and a spacious walk-in shower. There is also a separate guest toilet with a hand sink. Finally, the apartment comes with a parking space and a shared bicycle storage area. Details: - Available immediately - Common area fees: €100 per month - Private parking space & shared bicycle storage P-score: A / G-score: A

Apartment for rent (New construction project)

2930 Brasschaat

Beautiful new-construction 1-bedroom apartment in the heart of Brasschaat Location: The apartment is located on Bredabaan in Brasschaat. All amenities are within walking distance, including shops, restaurants, and public transportation. Layout: Entrance hall, living room, kitchen, storage room, bathroom, bedroom, half-bath with sink, terrace, parking space. Description: Entering through the front door, you step into the entryway. From here, you have access to the spacious and bright living area with an open, fully equipped kitchen. The kitchen is equipped with a dishwasher, oven, induction cooktop, refrigerator with freezer compartment, range hood, and sink. Adjacent to the kitchen is a practical storage room/utility room. Both the living room and the kitchen open onto the pleasant terrace, where you can enjoy a beautiful view of Bredabaan and Borrekenslei. On the other side of the apartment are the bedroom and the bathroom. The bathroom features a double sink and a spacious walk-in shower. There is also a separate guest toilet with a hand sink. Finally, the apartment comes with a parking space and a shared bicycle storage area. Details: - Available immediately - Common area fees: €100 per month - Private parking space & shared bicycle storage P-score: A / G-score: A

Apartment for rent (New construction project)

2930 Brasschaat

Beautiful new-construction 1-bedroom apartment in the heart of Brasschaat Location: The apartment is located on Bredabaan in Brasschaat. All amenities are within walking distance, including shops, restaurants, and public transportation. Layout: Entrance hall, living room, kitchen, storage room, bathroom, bedroom, half-bath with sink, terrace, parking space. Description: Entering through the front door, you step into the entryway. From here, you have access to the spacious and bright living area with an open, fully equipped kitchen. The kitchen is equipped with a dishwasher, oven, induction cooktop, refrigerator with freezer compartment, range hood, and sink. Adjacent to the kitchen is a practical storage room/utility room. Both the living room and the kitchen open onto the pleasant terrace, where you can enjoy a beautiful view of Bredabaan and Borrekenslei. On the other side of the apartment are the bedroom and the bathroom. The bathroom features a double sink and a spacious walk-in shower. There is also a separate guest toilet with a hand sink. Finally, the apartment comes with a parking space and a shared bicycle storage area. Details: - Available immediately - Common area fees: €100 per month - Private parking space & shared bicycle storage P-score: A / G-score: A

Residence for sale (New construction project)

4550 Nandrin

This newly constructed four-façade residence, located on Rue des Péréens in Nandrin, offers a perfect blend of modern comfort and spacious living. Set within a small, quiet cul-de-sac of just five homes, this property enjoys privacy and tranquility while remaining close to essential amenities. The house, built in 2025, stands on a generous plot of approximately 2,246 m² with a south-facing façade, providing abundant natural light throughout the day. With a total living area of 175 m² and a ground surface of 122 m² available for construction, this residence is designed to accommodate contemporary lifestyles with ease and style. Inside, the home features a thoughtfully planned layout including three bedrooms and two bathrooms, complemented by two separate toilets for added convenience. The entrance hall leads to a spacious, bright living room that seamlessly connects with an open kitchen and dining area, ideal for family gatherings and entertaining guests. Additional functional spaces include a laundry room and a large garage exceeding 36 m². The master suite boasts a dressing area and a private bathroom, while the other two bedrooms share a separate shower room. Practical storage solutions are provided by an attic accessible via a retractable staircase. The house is equipped with advanced sustainable technologies such as a heat pump with underfloor heating, photovoltaic panels for energy efficiency, and a double-flow ventilation system. Water management is enhanced by a 10,000-litre rainwater cistern. High-quality construction elements include jointless masonry, PVC and aluminum window frames, contributing to the property’s outstanding energy performance rating of A. Situated in Nandrin within the 4550 postal code area, this property is offered at €550,000 excluding additional connection costs (€15,000 excluding VAT), notary fees, and 21% VAT. The sale includes premium finishes such as an included kitchen, Quick-Step flooring, and ANYWAY-doors in the living area. Buyers are invited to discover this exceptional residence firsthand to appreciate its combination of design, functionality, and eco-friendly features. For further details, including the detailed specifications and price list, or to schedule a visit, please contact the listing agency. This offer presents a rare opportunity to acquire a state-of-the-art home in a peaceful setting within Nandrin.

Residence for sale (New construction project)

4550 Nandrin

This newly built three-bedroom residence in Nandrin offers a modern living environment within a small, peaceful cul-de-sac composed of only five homes. Constructed in 2025, this three-façade property features a functional layout that includes a welcoming entrance hall, a separate toilet, and a spacious, bright living room. The open kitchen seamlessly connects to the dining area, complemented by a utility room and a garage designed for one car. The private night hall leads to a master suite complete with a dressing area and bathroom, two additional bedrooms, a shower room, and a separate toilet. Practical storage is available in the attic, accessible via a retractable staircase. The house incorporates advanced energy-efficient features such as underfloor heating powered by a heat pump, photovoltaic solar panels, and a double-flow mechanical ventilation system. A 10,000-litre rainwater tank supports environmental sustainability. Built with jointless masonry and equipped with PVC and aluminum window frames, the residence holds an excellent energy performance certificate rating of A. The property sits on a generous 962 m² lot with east-facing frontage, including garden and terrace spaces. The total living area covers 155 m², with 54 m² dedicated to the main living room. All connections for utilities are in place, ensuring convenience for future occupants. Offered at a price of €455,000 (excluding connection fees of €15,000 plus VAT, notary fees, interior painting, flooring in the bedrooms, and 21% VAT), this home represents an exceptional opportunity for those seeking quality new construction in Nandrin. Detailed specifications and pricing information are available upon request. Interested parties are encouraged to arrange a visit to fully appreciate this well-appointed property and its advantageous location. For further information or to schedule a viewing, please contact the listing agent directly.